I’ve written about tzniut (modesty) before. While I don’t plan to revisit any of the particular points I made in that post here, I will say that Mother in Israel’s treatment of a tzniut meme got me thinking about the issue from a slightly different angle.
I spent some time before I was married learning about how frum women are expected to dress. I observed women I was learning from in Jerusalem, other students, and women on the street. I saw that the long skirts (below knee, sometimes to ankle), long sleeves (three-quarter sleeves to wrist length) and hair coverings (berets, scarves, hats, wigs) had a certain amount of variation and even style, of a kind. I did not join my fellow seminary students in dreaming of the day I got married so I could wear a wig, but I was willing to acquire a new awareness about dress code all the same.
I have always been a modest dresser. When I was a girl, my brother used to like to make fun of how dowdy and matronly I looked. In high school I was horrified to see people walking around in clingy sweatpants. Despite being slim, I tended toward loose, often oversized clothing well into adulthood. Jeans, turtlenecks, and wool sweaters were my winter uniform; summer meant X-large tee shirts and long shorts or cropped pants. (It was comforting to me to hear from my rav in seminary that for women who live in the Great White North and risk freezing to death by wearing skirts instead of pants, that women’s pants are acceptable.)
But as with hair covering, I think people go nuts over modest apparel for women. The idea that women should hide the fact that they have two legs (bifurcation) by wearing long or confining skirts is ridiculous. (Talk about putting women on a physiological pedestal!) And those who believe that dressing modestly will earn them more respectful treatment by men are fooling themselves. I have known and heard from women who, no matter how frumly they dressed, have been harassed by men (usually religious ones). Loud-mouthed anti-feminist Phyllis Schlafly claims that virtuous women are never raped. The claim that modestly dressed women are never grabbed, leered at, or insulted is just as untrue.
Because it’s such a hot-button topic in the Orthodox world, especially in Israel, I think about tzniut a lot, but don’t really do much about it. On a rare occasion, I’ll cover my hair, but mostly not. On a rare occasion, I’ll wear jeans or shorts. But mostly not. I am comfortable around people no matter how they dress. If they’re one of the Burka Babes and wearing ten skirts, I feel sorry for them, as well as for the Tel Aviv hotties who walk around with their shirts so cropped you can see the bottom of their breasts. Such women have a pretty poor sense of moderation (not to mention taste).
At the end of the day, I like to feel free to choose what I wear, and I object to being held responsible for men’s obsession with sex. Some men, no matter how I dress, are either going to stare at me or look at the sidewalk when they pass me on the street. Here are my three main arguments against feeling forced to dress in a certain way:
1) Let men fantasize about me (and other women) all they want. I believe firmly that freedom of thought must exist. If they want to waste their time in this way, I cannot stop them. Besides, if they are rude or obnoxious I want to feel free to imagine their heads on spikes.
2) Nothing I do will change the way they think about me. Most haredi men’s knowledge of women, after a lifetime of single-sex schooling, is limited to 1) their mothers, 2) their sisters, and 3) potential sexual partners. I’m not responsible for this. Besides, I’m always reminded of the conversation in the diner near the beginning of “When Harry Met Sally” when Harry claims that no man can be friends with a good-looking woman since he sees her as a potential sex partner. Thinking she has the upper hand in the argument at last, Sally says, “So you think a man can be friends with a woman he finds unattractive?” To which Harry responds, “No, you pretty much want to nail them too.”
3) If we accept arguments 1 and 2, I might as well wear what I want.
Lots of religious Jews are running around thinking that the way to bring the Mashiach is to make women dress in more layers. I think the way to bring the Mashiach is to take to heart the words of the prophets in the Tanach and pursue justice in the world. It’s to feed the hungry, unchain agunot, do business honestly, cure the sick, and help as many people to a livelihood as possible. (The nevi’im never discuss women’s clothing.)
Call me immodest, call me a lousy Jew, but don’t ever say I don’t know what the prophets REALLY wanted.
Great post! Will definitely be included in my weekly review.
[…] Shimshonit responds to a previous post of mine on tzniut (modesty). Subscribe in a reader Subscribe to […]
Ilana-Davita: Thank you.
Great post – iagree with you totally
Being selective means always leaving something out. It is ‘untrue’ that the Torah (the entire body of knowledge) does not touch on the subject of tznius. Nowadays, it has become a personal-relative thing to create your own idea of what tznius is, after living in a 20-21st C. open societies (assuming that is true of the author). She should be admired for her candor and honesty, but her sensitivity to ‘modesty’ is just not there. What is there is a testimony to the “me, myself and I” philosophy so prevalent.
Ariela: Thank you.
neshama: I didn’t say the entire Torah doesn’t address modesty; I said the prophets don’t. And while you may believe you are not selective about what Torah you observe, you probably are. Everyone is. Even the self-proclaimed frummest people ignore a little of this (while probably adding a little of that that isn’t actually in the Torah). I may not agree with YOUR definition of modesty, but I agree that reasonably modest dress says something important about how a woman feels about herself, as well as how she wants others to feel about her. Yes, I’ve lived in “open societies” my whole life. Given the alternative–Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan, for example–I’m glad I do. And Hillel said, “If I am not for myself, who will be for me?”
For whom are YOU dressing?
Well put.
One always dresses for oneself, which is a reflection of who they are and what they think and believe. The very frummest (regular and extreme) do not ‘ignore any’ of the standards imposed on them, because they would be ostracized. They live in strict awareness of halacha.
I also believe that some of the clothing worn by some women/girls today, reflects a disconnect between their externality (how they appear to others) and their internality (my form of the word). By this I mean that Hashem (G-d) has commanded of us to be a Holy Nation and People. An aspect of this is a spiritual (and ritual) responsibility because we represent our Creator. We are not like the other peoples of the world. We are children of G-d. Shir HaShirim is the love story between us and our Creator.
How can one represent this Holiness (and it’s not just internal) by immitating the non-Jewish world of habits and customs and clothing? If we ever want our Moshiach to arrive and find us ‘prepared’ for him and for the Geula, as women, our sensitivity for modesty (which involves how we look to others, how we relate to our inner lives, how we communicate to our Creator) and how we represent this responsibility to the world. Men, on the otherhand, have been given ‘other’ halachos, which are specific for their ability for sensitivity to Holiness, that are mandatory for them.
Women will be more elevated and as I have heard will be on an equal standard with men in the Geula (and some say even higher). Do we want to greet Moshiach in shape revealing clingy fabric that reveals the beauty of our creation? That is not how Hashem ‘built’ us, and He did. While doing so, He commanded each portion to “be tznius”. There is an entire discussion in a Midrash Rabba in Bereshis all about this exchange.
I am not saying that I can dictate to anyone what they must wear; only that each Jewish woman should learn to connect to this inner royalty that is brought forth so often when the Torah speaks about women. Dressing in a modest fashion is important for this connection, as well as the kashrus of what goes into her mouth, and what comes out of her mouth. This is a life long endeavor, but a path we should always be on.
Rebbe Hillel was not referring to America’s dictum of “me first” and “I make my own rules”, he was referring to the relationship between ‘man’ and his duties to charity and mankind. If one values this reality it begs greater introspection.
Quote: “From the doctrine of man’s likeness to God, Hillel deduced man’s duty to care for his own body. … so the bathing of the body is a duty of man, who was created in the image of the almighty King of the world.” In this work Hillel calls his soul a guest upon earth, toward which he must fulfill the duties of charity.
In Avot, Hillel stated “If I am not for myself, who will be? If I am not for others, what am ‘I’? And if not now, when?” The third part contains the admonition to postpone no duty, the same admonition which he gave with reference to study (Avot 2:4): “Say not, ‘When I have free time I shall study’; for you may perhaps never have any free time.”
I just attended an interesting lecture in which the speaker cautioned us about the connection between an extreme emphasis on tzniut and poor body image among religious girls.
Rivka: You raise an interesting point. I am sure the intention of having girls dress modestly is to improve body image, but clearly too much emphasis on modesty can have the opposite effect. I am especially concerned about too much stress on very young girls (like my five-year-old) to look modest, since their attention should be on playing, socializing, and learning stuff of real substance. I hear my daughter talk about modesty almost daily. It’s an age where obsessions like that take deep root, and I hate it. But nothing I say to her about what’s REALLY important seems to have any effect. Her teachers and peers seem to have much more influence on her right now than I do.
[…] Tzniut Continued, Shimshonit’s afterthoughts on the subject […]
I remember when my eldest was in gan and everything her ganenet said was “kadosh”! Sometimes she misunderstood her ganenet and I tried to explain to her what the ganenet must have said and she would argue with me about the stupidest things. Worse, she REFUSED to ask her ganenet for clarification because she KNEW that she understood her.
They get over it.
[…] married converts are expected to cover their hair. I’ve written plenty on this subject already (here and here). In short, in my former community, the only women who covered their hair during the […]